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齒輪鍛件溫擠成形工(gong)藝設計(ji)

文章來源：sjzwx 更(geng)新時間：2015-03-18 09:18:12

    以某90型摩托車變速箱中的花鍵主動齒輪鍛件為例(li)，依據(ju)溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)技術(shu)(shu)原理(li)(li)，對復雜形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀齒輪(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進行了(le)(le)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)分析(xi)和溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)分析(xi)，闡(chan)述了(le)(le)復雜形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀齒輪(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)設計(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)點(dian)與關鍵點(dian)，并結合(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)實際(ji)，制(zhi)定了(le)(le)適合(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)實際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)。設計(ji)(ji)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套經濟實用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)介紹(shao)了(le)(le)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)結構和工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)原理(li)(li)。經批量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)試(shi)制(zhi)證明，該溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒輪(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)穩定、凸塊飽(bao)滿(man)，且(qie)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)結構合(he)理(li)(li)、通用(yong)(yong)性強、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)效率高(gao)(gao)(gao)。齒輪(lun)是機(ji)械行業中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)極為廣(guang)泛、性能(neng)要求較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳動零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，大多數需要鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)制(zhi)坯。其(qi)中(zhong)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)些形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀復雜、端(duan)面帶(dai)有凸塊且(qie)具(ju)(ju)有部分非配合(he)面能(neng)夠(gou)少(shao)(shao)無切削加(jia)工(gong)即可(ke)滿(man)足要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒輪(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，是模(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)工(gong)藝(yi)設計(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個技術(shu)(shu)難(nan)點(dian)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說，由(you)于(yu)(yu)該類(lei)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)幾何形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀復雜，傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)模(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)方(fang)法易(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)缺陷(xian)，難(nan)以(yi)滿(man)足其(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)要求，而(er)(er)采用(yong)(yong)溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)技術(shu)(shu)是解決其(qi)技術(shu)(shu)難(nan)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)即溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)擠(ji)壓，是在冷擠(ji)壓工(gong)藝(yi)基礎上(shang)(shang)發展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種少(shao)(shao)無切削成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)，其(qi)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)在室溫(wen)(wen)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)至(zhi)熱(re)擠(ji)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)內。溫(wen)(wen)擠(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)技術(shu)(shu)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)定程度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)兼備了(le)(le)冷、熱(re)擠(ji)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)也減(jian)少(shao)(shao)了(le)(le)它們各自的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)金屬被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)后在較高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)范圍(wei)內擠(ji)壓，則(ze)可(ke)以(yi)省去工(gong)序問(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預先(xian)退火、磷(lin)化等(deng)輔助工(gong)序，進而(er)(er)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)了(le)(le)由(you)于(yu)(yu)磷(lin)化處理(li)(li)而(er)(er)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)環境污染問(wen)(wen)題。再(zai)者(zhe)因(yin)坯料的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)力比(bi)冷擠(ji)時(shi)小(xiao)，則(ze)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)壽(shou)命也可(ke)比(bi)冷擠(ji)時(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。同(tong)(tong)熱(re)擠(ji)壓相比(bi)，又克服了(le)(le)因(yin)強烈氧化作用(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)降低產(chan)(chan)(chan)品表面質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)問(wen)(wen)題，所以(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸精度(du)(du)與機(ji)械性能(neng)也優于(yu)(yu)熱(re)擠(ji)壓。