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近等(deng)溫鍛技術及其應用(yong)

文章來源：sjzwx 更(geng)新時間：2015-03-09 09:17:23

    近等溫鍛技術是一種解決某些低塑性和難變形材料成形問題的先進鍛造技術。該技術是在(zai)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)技術思路的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上發展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)，與等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)不(bu)同是將(jiang)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)加熱(re)(re)到低于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)約30-80℃：進行鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。這樣，一(yi)(yi)方面降低了(le)(le)對模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)苛(ke)刻要(yao)求，擴大(da)(da)(da)了(le)(le)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選材(cai)(cai)范(fan)圍(wei)，使得(de)在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)氣環(huan)境(jing)中進行鈦(tai)合金(jin)(jin)近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)可(ke)能，同時(shi)(shi)，擴大(da)(da)(da)了(le)(le)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)范(fan)圍(wei)；另一(yi)(yi)方面，由于(yu)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)存在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差，可(ke)以為(wei)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)內由變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)熱(re)(re)效應產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)量(liang)供一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)散熱(re)(re)途徑。通(tong)過合理選擇變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)速(su)度(du)，能夠在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程度(du)上補償鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)損失，從而實現鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)近(jin)(jin)(jin)似等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，達到類(lei)(lei)似等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)不(bu)僅(jin)減小(xiao)了(le)(le)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)激冷和材(cai)(cai)料(liao)應變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)硬化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)，而且使變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)抗力(li)減小(xiao)，有(you)利于(yu)簡化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)過程，以較少的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)步(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)復(fu)(fu)雜形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。就(jiu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)而言(yan)，近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)主要(yao)應用(yong)于(yu)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)較窄(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)，尤其適用(yong)于(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)非常敏感(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鈦(tai)合金(jin)(jin)及(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合金(jin)(jin)；就(jiu)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)而言(yan)，近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)適用(yong)于(yu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)薄腹板、高(gao)(gao)(gao)筋和薄壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，因為(wei)此(ci)類(lei)(lei)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坯料(liao)熱(re)(re)量(liang)會很快被模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)吸收，使溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)迅速(su)下降，采用(yong)普通(tong)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方法，不(bu)僅(jin)需(xu)大(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)噸(dun)位，而且也易造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開裂。近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)將(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)當今乃(nai)至(zhi)今后一(yi)(yi)段時(shi)(shi)期內生產難(nan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)屬、鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)范(fan)圍(wei)窄(zhai)及(ji)大(da)(da)(da)型復(fu)(fu)雜結構鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)最為(wei)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵技術之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。本公司(si)根據鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)特(te)點(dian)，利用(yong)鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)合金(jin)(jin)為(wei)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)，在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)氣條件(jian)(jian)(jian)下，不(bu)僅(jin)實現了(le)(le)近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)（需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓機(ji)噸(dun)位較小(xiao)，而且鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)組織均(jun)勻細小(xiao)，真正意義(yi)上實現了(le)(le)小(xiao)設備制備大(da)(da)(da)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)；因此(ci)，近(jin)(jin)(jin)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)技術是制備高(gao)(gao)(gao)性(xing)能粉末合金(jin)(jin)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)和大(da)(da)(da)型復(fu)(fu)雜結構件(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟可(ke)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。