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實際鍛造時變形動態

文章來源：sjzwx 更新時(shi)間(jian)：2014-01-15 09:42:11

 實際鍛造時(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)動態(tai)鋼錠(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)(高度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua))、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)阿的(de)(de)關系見圖f。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)初(chu)(chu)期(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)達150M州(zhou)min，而(er)(er)二十分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘后(hou)則(ze)(ze)急劇降至30mm/rain，此(ci)后(hou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)繼續緩慢(man)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降，50^"60分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘以后(hou)只(zhi)有Smm加(jia)(jia)in左右。此(ci)外，把此(ci)狀態(tai)以壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)形(xing)(xing)(xing)態(tai)觀察(cha)，則(ze)(ze)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)由初(chu)(chu)始(shi)(shi)至Z。分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘以內」、分(fen)(fen)(fen)急驟，此(ci)后(hou)平(ping)珠(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)釣潛加(jia)(jia)不大(da)。從以士清Q不難推(tui)理，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機力(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)達到最大(da)找態(tai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，由于(yu)(yu)要(yao)(yao)彌補R溫(wen)(wen)(wen)降低(di)而(er)(er)造成的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)增大(da)和相應(ying)(ying)鋼錠(ding)截面增大(da)所需的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工力(li)(li)(li)，只(zhi)能(neng)是(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)發(fa)生變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，即變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)姐力(li)(li)(li)相應(ying)(ying)于(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)降低(di)而(er)(er)減小，保持恒(heng)定狀態(tai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)得(de)(de)到變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。當這些條(tiao)(tiao)件達到平(ping)衡時(shi)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)便停止。3-4恒(heng)定加(jia)(jia)載(zai)條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)(xia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)為了(le)用(yong)(yong)解(jie)(jie)析(xi)方(fang)法求(qiu)(qiu)出(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，需要(yao)(yao)找出(chu)(chu)鋼的(de)(de)熱態(tai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)數(shu)值同(tong)(tong)(tong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)關系。為此(ci)，做了(le)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)拉(la)力(li)(li)(li)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)o求(qiu)(qiu)出(chu)(chu)了(le)3.SNiCrAlfoV鋼的(de)(de)屈服極限(xian)。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)條(tiao)(tiao)件是(shi)(shi)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1100^-13G0+C,應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)lo---JO一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi);，。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)’范圍，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)結果(guo)詳見圖8，如果(guo)按(an)(an)(an)恒(heng)定蠕變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子測定結果(guo)則(ze)(ze)得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。。=A￡"axp(BIT二)d:高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)屈服應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li);kg/min。:應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)敏感性指數(shu)(。.226)‘平(ping)均應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(sec一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)’夕Tk=絕對溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)14:常(chang)數(shu)‘9.8‘里口一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”)sitingB:常(chang)數(shu)(1.46x10')用(yong)(yong)上(shang)面的(de)(de)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子以解(jie)(jie)析(xi)方(fang)法描述壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)加(jia)(jia)載(zai)也同(tong)(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀態(tai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣不難算(suan)出(chu)(chu)，其(qi)值按(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)面的(de)(de)簡化(hua)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子計(ji)算(suan)。P=KSoc(3)上(shang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中，P是(shi)(shi)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)所需載(zai)荷(he)(he)，K是(shi)(shi)載(zai)荷(he)(he)系數(shu)，SI1是(shi)(shi)鋼錠(ding)初(chu)(chu)始(shi)(shi)截面積，。是(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)。關于(yu)(yu)載(zai)荷(he)(he)系數(shu)K,以解(jie)(jie)析(xi)方(fang)法在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各種(zhong)邊界條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)(xia)計(ji)算(suan)結果(guo)、得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)了(le)同(tong)(tong)(tong)毛(mao)坯(pi)初(chu)(chu)始(shi)(shi)尺(chi)寸和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)相關的(de)(de)關系式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。:一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。.935、(李丫〔‘“”xexpl1.('61、x令”、to/\RQ(刁〕dh:壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)(h。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)rho:毛(mao)坯(pi)初(chu)(chu)始(shi)(shi)高度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)h:毛(mao)坯(pi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)過程中某一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)高度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)do:毛(mao)坯(pi)初(chu)(chu)始(shi)(shi)直徑(jing)(jing)。此(ci)外，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)按(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)Im近似式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)表(biao)示。￡二叮nV:壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)把(5)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代入(ru)(ru)(2)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子。(5)V:壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)把(J)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代入(ru)(ru)(2)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子。V一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)‘”。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)‘rc)H"exp(一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)TX(6)再(zai)者，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)則(ze)(ze)累加(jia)(jia)At時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang)，按(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)計(ji)算(suan)得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)。AJ,,a)=獷(1)刁t+/Ah(;一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)1)(r)·借(jie)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經數(shu)值解(jie)(jie)析(xi)得(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)了(le)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)量(liang)(liang).31時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，其(qi)結果(guo)見圖7，計(ji)算(suan)值與實測值相差無(wu)幾。因此(ci)，可(ke)以組(zu)合用(yong)(yong)有限(xian)要(yao)(yao)素法作出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)解(jie)(jie)析(xi)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)解(jie)(jie)析(xi)和變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)數(shu)據推(tui)算(suan)出(chu)(chu)不變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)加(jia)(jia)載(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)加(jia)(jia)工時(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)(xia)量(liang)(liang)和直徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)。